At the Chernobyl NPP installed a new sarcophagus. Chernobyl covered the fourth power unit in Chernobyl

Right holder illustration Getty Images Image Caption. The explosion at the Chernobyl NPP in April 1986 became the most large-scale technogenic disaster in history

At the damaged fourth power unit of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, the installation of a new protective structure was completed.

"The Chernobyl reactor №4 now safely covers 30 years after the 1986 catastrophe as a result of an amazing engineering fit," the European Bank of Reconstruction and Development, which financed the construction of the construction.

The design of steel and concrete in the form of an aviation hangar with a length of 165 and a height of 110 meters weighs about 36 thousand tons. 1.63 billion euros were spent on the construction of shelter.

The construction of the facility began in April 2012. Pre-assembly of arched sarcophagus for the Chernobyl nuclear power plant French companies Bouygues and Vinci completed in the fall of 2015.

Due to the large sizes of the Arch, and then connect them.

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The arch of the arch is covered with a special trim protecting the old sarcophagus from external influences. Also special covering should protect environment and the local population from possible emissions of pollutants.

Finished construction planned in 2015. However, due to the lack of funds, the completion of the work was postponed to a later date. As planned, the object will be fully commissioned by November 2017. The estimated life of the construction is 100 years.

The first concrete sarcophage is the object "Shelter" - was built on an emergency unit shortly after the explosion, but in recent years the design began to collapse. Inside the installed arch is a crane to dismantle the existing "shelter".

The explosion at the fourth power unit of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant occurred on April 26, 1986. It became the most large-scale technogenic disaster in world history.

Due to the destruction of the active zone of the reactor with radioactive contamination, more than 200 thousand square kilometers were subjected, mainly in Ukraine, Belorussia and Russia.

In the liquidation of the consequences of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, more than half a million people participated in subsequent years - many of them received severe diseases caused by irradiation, about 5 thousand "liquidators" died over 20 years.

After 30 years after the Chernobyl catastrophe of 1986, the fourth power unit of the NPP covered with a new protective sarcophagus. This on Tuesday, November 29, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development was announced on Twitter, which financed the development of shelter.

A huge arch weighs 25 thousand tons, it is long as two football fields, height - one. Arch, or a scientific "new safe confinement", was erected for almost 10 years. The project began to prepare in 2007, and the first lifting crane arrived in the alienation zone. The construction was carried out for the money of donor countries from the G8, from where Russia was expelled during the Ukrainian conflict. But we continue to allocate money: for 10 years 50 million euros, as they said in the Ministry of Finance.

Financial flows accumulates the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD). He pours and own money. Total new Sarcophag It cost half a billion euros. The Europeans also build it: the construction giants from France - Vinci and Buyu are united into the "Novarki" consortium. The first built the atomic stadium "Stud de France" in Paris, the second - tunnel under La Mansha. Small detail connecting companies with Russia. "Vinci" along with Arkady Rothenberg is building a highway Moscow - Petersburg, and ex-president Buyun Martin Buyun was part of the Board of Directors of the Skolkovo Foundation.

Now about the main thing about the sarcophage itself. For six years, builders erected two half arches from concrete and steel, then dozens of jacks raised them to the desired height of 108 meters. Then they were connected, and everything is thought out to the smallest detail. For example, the front walls repeat the silhouette of a four-part unit of the power plant - not the most accurate, the slots will remain, but they will drag into membranes for several months. All this is done on the distance safe from the block. Until the end of November, the multi-torque construction on the rails with small steps rolled on the same jacks at a speed of 10 kilometers per hour.

What builders did not get irradiation is a kind of engineering miracle. It was the fear of radiation that did not allow to build the first sarcophagus manually, so they used the cranes and literally put concrete slabs on the fourth block. The result was three years ago he collapsed, the reactor is still boiling.

Here is another example of the subtlety of the work: initially put a new "shelter" prevented the pipe of the power unit. Her tip was filmed with the most large crane in the world - he was driven from Germany. Inside the Arch itself, there will also be cranes - they will be in the future, which is called, rake nuclear trash. In April of this year, President of Ukraine Petro Poroshenko legislatively made the alienation zone by the biosphere polygon - that is, in fact the reserve. True, it is unlikely there sometime again can live.

But new shelter has criticism. The chief engineer of the Chernobyl station Nikolai Kartan said that all this is not enough. He died on September 2.

On April 26, 1986, a reactor exploded in the fourth power unit of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant located in the territory of the Ukrainian SSR. The elimination of the accident was engaged in more than half a million people. Many of them because of irradiation seriously undermined health, some died in the first months after the start of work.

According to economic damage, the number of dead and affected accident is regarded as the largest in nuclear power.

The idea to close the stunned reactor reactor arose almost immediately after the explosion. Already by November 1986, "shelter" was erected over the fourth power unit, more known as "sarcophagus". Assembly work He led the Soviet engineer Vladimir Rudakov. Like many other liquidators, he soon died from the consequences of radioactive exposure.

The old sarcophagus was, in fact, a large concrete box (400 thousand cubic meters of concrete mix and 7 thousand tons of metal structures took place on its construction). Estimated in a hurry, he nevertheless constrained the further spread of radiation from the reactor. However, its overlaps and walls have already disliked and began to collapse: so, in 2013 covered hinged plates with an area of \u200b\u200b600 square meters. m above the machine room. According to the statements of the authorities, however, the increase in the radiation background for them did not affect. But

under the overlaps of the sarcophagus is about 200 tons of radioactive materials, and further destruction can lead to difficult consequences.

The first sarcophague has another serious drawback: its design does not allow working with accumulated inside with radioactive waste. But so far the entire filling of the exploded reactor is not seized and recycled, this object will remain dangerous. In addition, the sarcophagus needed to be protected from rain and snow capable of causing unforeseen chemical reactions.

The construction of the second sarcophaga began in 2007. It was planned that it would be a moving arch, which will cover the reactor together with the old sarcophagus, after which it will be possible to deal with disassembly, deactivation and disposal of the remains of the power unit. Initially, the project was going to complete by 2012/13, but the deadlines were concluded due to financial problems.

New sarcophagus called "New Safe Confinement" (from English. sonfinement. - "Restriction"), became the largest ground mobile design.

The money for the project was allocated by Ukraine, Russia and a number of Western countries. A total of more than $ 2 billion was spent on the construction of a total of more than $ 2 billion. Supervised the work of the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, and the technical contractor was the French company Vinci Construction Grand Projects, which is part of the Bouygues Group of Companies, one of the largest construction companies in Europe. On the account of Bouygues - the construction of a tunnel under La Manshas, \u200b\u200bthe construction of the terminal No. 2 of the airport named after Charles de Gaulle, the reconstruction of the MSU main building in Moscow and many more projects.

The service life of the new "shelter" is estimated at 100 years. Its length is 165 m, height - 110, width - 257. Weighs a construction of 36.2 thousand tons. The construction was engaged in about 3 thousand workers. Since building the arch directly above the old sarcophagus was dangerous, it was built in parts on the assembly site near the power station. The assembly and the rise of the elements of the first half of the Arch lasted from 2012 to 2014, by 2015 collected and the second half. After both parts were connected into a single design. By November 2016, the installation was fully completed.

November 14 began the process of arches on the power unit. Over the course of several days, the arch slowly moved with the help of jacks on special rails. Finally, November 29, the gym was successfully completed. On this occasion, the authorities held solemn events with the participation of politicians and representatives of the bank-curator.

"Let everyone see today that Ukraine and the world can do, uniting, as we can protect the world from nuclear pollution and nuclear waste,"

- President of Ukraine Petro Poroshenko said at the ceremony.

When building, workers collided with certain difficulties. In particular, they had to dismantle the ventilation pipe, according to which the air was supplied to the third and fourth power unit. The pipe suffered during the explosion of the reactor and could at any time fell on the roof of the sarcophagus.

To dismantle, it was necessary to use a special super heavy crane with a lifting capacity of 1.6 thousand tons. The pipe was successfully sawn into six fragments, dismantled and burned in the building of the 3rd power unit. These actions had to spend almost $ 12 million.

The new Sarcophag is planned to be commissioned a year later, by November 2017. During this time, the equipment testing, the sealing of the structure and the transfer of the Chernobyl administration will be connected and tested.

The Chernobyl NPP reactor exploded in 1986 was covered with a new sarcophagus. A new building will last 100 years and will make it possible to disassemble the reactor, and then buried its parts.

On April 26, 1986, a reactor exploded in the fourth power unit of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant located on the territory of the Ukrainian SSR. The elimination of the accident was engaged in more than half a million people. Many of them because of irradiation seriously undermined health, some died in the first months after the start of work.

For economic damage, the number of dead and affected, the accident is regarded as the largest in nuclear power.

The idea to close the stunned reactor reactor arose almost immediately after the explosion. Already by November 1986, shelter was erected over the fourth power unit, more known as Sarcophagus. Installation work was led by the Soviet engineer Vladimir Rudakov. Like many other liquidators, he soon died from the consequences of radioactive exposure.

The old sarcophagus was, in fact, a large concrete box (400 thousand cubic meters of concrete mix and 7,000 tons of metal structures took place on its construction. Estimated in a hurry, it, however, for 30 years, restrained the further spread of radiation from the reactor. However, its overlaps and walls have already disliked and began to collapse - so, in 2013 hollow plates with an area of \u200b\u200b600 square meters. m above the machine room. According to the statements of the authorities, however, the increase in the radiation background for them did not affect. But under the overlaps of the sarcophagus is about 200 tons of radioactive materials and further destruction can lead to difficult consequences.

The first sarcophagus has another serious drawback - its design does not allow working with accumulated with radioactive waste. But, while all the filling of the exploded reactor is not seized and recycled, this object will remain dangerous. In addition, the sarcophagus needed to be protected from rain and snow capable of causing unforeseen chemical reactions.

The construction of the second sarcophaga began in 2007. It was planned that it would be a moving arch, which will cover the reactor together with the old sarcophagus, after which it will be possible to deal with disassembly, deactivation and disposal of the remains of the power unit. Initially, the project was going to complete by 2012-2013, but the deadlines were concluded due to financial problems.

The new sarcophagus called the name "New Safe Confinement (from the English. Sonfinement -" Restriction ")" became the largest ground-based mobile design.

The money for the project was allocated by Ukraine, Russia and a number of Western countries. In total, the construction was spent a total of more than two billion dollars. The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development oversees the work, and the French company Vinci Construction Grand Projects, which is part of the Bouygues group of companies, is one of the largest construction companies in Europe. On the account of Bouygues - the construction of a tunnel under La Manshas, \u200b\u200bthe construction of the terminal No. 2 of the airport named after Charles de Gaulle, the reconstruction of the MSU main building in Moscow and many more projects.

The service life of the new shelter is estimated at 100 years. Its length is 165 meters, height - 110, width - 257. Weighs the construction of 36.2 thousand tons. Arranged about three thousand workers. Since building the arch directly above the old sarcophagus was dangerous, it was built in parts on the assembly site near the power station. The assembly and the rise of the elements of the first half of the Arch lasted from 2012 to 2014, by 2015 collected and the second half. After both parts were connected into a single design. By November 2016, the installation was fully completed.

November 14 began the process of arches on the power unit. Over the course of several days, the arch slowly moved with the help of jacks on special rails. Finally, November 29, the gym was successfully completed. On this occasion, the authorities held solemn events with the participation of politicians and representatives of the bank-curator.

"Let everyone see today that Ukraine and the world can make, uniting, as we can protect the world from nuclear pollution and nuclear waste," Petro Poroshenko, President of Ukraine, said in the ceremony.

When building, workers collided with certain difficulties. In particular, they had to dismantle the ventilation pipe, according to which the air was supplied to the buildings of the third and fourth power units. The pipe suffered during the explosion of the reactor and could at any time fell on the roof of the sarcophagus.

To dismantle it was necessary to use a special superheavy German crane with a lifting capacity of 1,600 tons. The pipe was successfully saw on 6 fragments, dismantled and burned in the building of the 3rd power unit. These actions had to spend almost $ 12 million into operation, a new sarcophagus is planned to be surrendered in a year, by November 2017. During this time, the equipment testing, the sealing of the structure and the transfer of the Chernobyl administration will be connected and tested.