In private houses between the floors the most popular stairs made of wood or monolithic reinforced concrete. A comfortable and beautiful tree staircase is expensive pleasure. In a private house, it is cheaper to build a simpler and durable ladder from reinforced concrete.
Advantages and other features of a monolithic ladder from concrete
Monolithic ladders from concrete are quite heavy facilities. Therefore, such stairs are made in houses with monolithic, nationals or.
Concrete stairs are built during the construction of the box at home. They can be used by appointment immediately until the end of the construction of the house.
Concrete stairs have high rigidity and durability, do not creak and do not vibrate.
Reinforced concrete stairs due to simple design and massive steps are safer.
Finishing, facing of concrete stairs when repairing easy to restore, replace.
Of the concrete it is difficult to make stairs of a complex configuration or miniature.
Concrete ladder design options in a private house
The design of the concrete ladder should be developed before the start of construction of the house, as it is necessary to provide in the floors and masonry of the walls, mortgage anchors from reinforcement steel and other elements for fastening staircase marches and intermediate sites.
In the ceiling or carrier beam make rewards of reinforcement, which are associated with the fittings of the staircase march. 
The staircase from the monolithic reinforced concrete in a private house consists of staircase marches and an intermediate staircase between marchs.
The stair march is a reinforced concrete plate on which concrete steps are located.
The reinforcement frames of reinforced concrete floors, staircase marches and sites are associated with each other in a single design. Thanks to the joint work of reinforcement and monolithic concrete, the staircase has a very high rigidity and durability.
Staircase with Kosource from monolithic reinforced concrete. Kosur is located along the longitudinal axis of the staircase march. Kosur here is a reinforced concrete beam with protrusions for supporting steps. Consoles are called steps whose ends are not supported.
Stairs on the rower can be made of wood or from a monolithic concrete. The reinforcement frame of the console steps from concrete is connected to the reinforcement of the Kourow. Wooden steps are attached to a platter using mortgage elements from metal.
Reinforced concrete stairs and stairs also, like staircase marches, can be installed or between inter-storey floors, or between overlapping and intermediate ladder.
Console steps made from reinforced concrete pinched in wall laying. The staircase is called closed if the gaps between the steps are closed with risers. Without risers, this is an open staircase.
Concrete for reinforced concrete stairs
Concrete is used for the manufacture of reinforced concrete stairs, which has a compressive strength of at least 20 MPa (class B20). Freshled concrete in the formwork is necessarily thoroughly seal with vibration.
Stair marches and playgrounds happens favorable to make from architectural (decorative) concrete. The surface of the steps and sites of such a staircase will not require additional cladding or finishes. Manufacturing and laying of architectural concrete is better to order specialists.
Where in the house to locate the ladder from concrete
In order for the staircase to be comfortable, safe and quiet, it is necessary to successfully choose the location of its location in the house, to properly comply and determine the dimensions.
The modern architecture of a private house for the placement of the stairs usually does not provide for special isolated staircases. The stairs are installed openly and are part of the interior of the living room, hall or hallway.
It should be borne in mind that the staircase in the living room, as an interior element, makes higher requirements for appearance. The staircase in the living room should be more refined, and therefore more expensive than the staircase in the hallway, lobby or in an isolated staircase.
Compared to wooden, stairs from concrete look more hardly, they are easier in shape and do not fit the living room in the interior.
To accommodate the concrete staircase, the location is more suitable for the wall.
How to choose the size of the stairs
Choosing a staircase
A comfortable and safe staircase should be quite common. Construction rules limit the stairs to the stairs in the house. The slope of the stairs should not be greater than 1: 1.25 (the ratio of the height of the staircase march to its horizontal projection). In the figure below such the limit of about 40 o has a staircase 1.
Two options of the stairs: staircase 1. - cool with the limit bias, provides minimum comfort and safety, but occupies the minimum area in the house; staircase 2. - Comfortable and safe staircase with a recommended slope. So that the staircase in the house was comfortable enough and did not occupy too much space it is recommended to choose a slope of a staircase of about 30 o,what corresponds to the ratio of the height of the staircase march to its horizontal projection as 1: 1.75. Such a bias has a staircase 2 in the figure above.
Calculation of the size of the stairs
After determining the slope - height and horizontal projection of the staircase march, in the second stage, perform the calculation of the optimal dimensions of the stairs stairs.
The optimal dimensions of the stairs in the private house. For comfortable movement along the stairs steps, you must perform the condition specified in the green frame. Construction rules require the height of the stairs to be within the limits h.\u003d 16-19 cm.
For example, perform the calculation of the size of the stairs 2 in the figure. Given the requirements of the rules, for further calculations we take the height of our stairs h.\u003d 17 cm.
Then, we find the number of steps in the staircase march. To do this, the height of the staircase is divided to the height of the stage. The number of steps in the staircase march: 272 cm / 17 cm \u003d 16 stages.
Construction rules limit the number of steps in one staircase march no more than 18 steps. If this restriction fails, you need to do two staircase march with an intermediate platform between them.
Knowing the number of steps look forward to the width of the staircase march. For this, the magnitude of the horizontal projection of the staircase is divided by the number of steps. For stairs 2 in the figure, the estimated level width will be equal to s. \u003d 474 cm / 16 \u003d 29 cm.
On the step of a width of 29 cm. Human leg will feel confident and comfortable.
In conclusion, check whether it will be comfortable to move along the stairs. For this, we make a calculation according to the formula indicated in the figure in the green frame: 2H + S \u003d 60-65. For our ladder 2 * 17cm + 29cm \u003d 63cm, the condition of comfortable movement is performed.
What should be the height of steps without finishing?
A comfortable staircase should have all the steps of the same height. The solution to which material is separated, it is best to take before the start of the staircase - this will avoid surprises in the form of a height difference between individual steps.
Steps made of porcelain stoneware are very durable, do not let moisture, are not subject to chemical effects, do not fade from sunlight, are environmentally safe and do not require replacement for a long time. This is one of the best options for price-quality ratio for concrete stairs.
Steps from porcelain stoneware as material for finishing the inter-storey stairs are distinguished by a large variety. Depending on your preferences, you can choose for a concrete staircase as a finish of matte, laptic, embossed or polished steps.
You can finish with a stoneward in a single style as the most concrete staircase and the entire parking space.
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