The innermost dream of many of our compatriots is a beautiful country house. Professionals are known that at the design stage it is necessary to provide every trifle, especially communication solutions to the future construction. And few know how to make ventilation in a private house in such a way that it was comfortable to accommodate at any time of the year.
A competently organized system of inflows and removal of air masses in a residential space can provide:
- additional protection of premises from fungal and mold spores, dampness;
- oxygen circulation in each room;
- comfortable conditions for work and recreation at home.
Without access to clean air, the human body is not capable of functioning normally. In a residential building, ensure the influx of oxygen is primarily in the children's, bedroom and living room. You should not leave the kitchen and baths without attention. In these small rooms, it often fixes the high concentration of humidity, as well as characteristic odors (mostly not too pleasant), which requires a discharge into an external environment.
note! A competently implemented ventilation device in a private house levels the likelihood of the formation of dirt, accumulation of dust, condensate, stuffiness, and will not allow mold and harmful microorganisms to spread through housing.
Features of the implementation of the air exchange system
Traditionally, experts allocate two types of air exchange systems in residential buildings:
- natural;
- mechanical (forced);
- mixed (the first type is complemented by a forced exhaust device).
On the technical side of the ventilation system for the house is classified for such categories:
- functional purpose;
- method of moving air masses (channel, tornish);
- device leading air in motion.
But, how not to make a mistake in the choice? What kind of cottage ventilation provides comfortable conditions for those who live in it? Note that each option has both obvious "pros" and explicit "minuses". For greater understanding of the issues of the issue, it should be highlighted on them.
Natural ventilation of the residential building is due to the difference in pressure indoors and outside it. The whole process is built on physical laws and does not require human intervention. The essence is as follows:
- Since the air temperature in a closed room above, rather than outside, the air becomes light. Due to this through the ventilation channel, it moves to the street.
- Inside the room is formed by a partially rarefied mass that contributes to the influx of fresh oxygen through small holes located in the design of the object.
- The received masses are heavier in their structure. They are located at the bottom of the premises, so the floor ventilation in a private house is so important and is an integral part of the air exchange system.
note! With an increase in temperature, the exchange through the wall is carried out faster, especially if the wind is complemented.
Modern residential buildings are practically devoid of slots and small holes, so the natural ventilation scheme in a private house, as a rule, does not work. The inflow is possible exclusively through small valves built into the walls and windows.
Advantages of the system:
- Lack of emergency situations. Constructive simplicity eliminates the slightest breakdowns or malfunction.
- Efficiency. Ventilation in a country house is automatically carried out, additional equipment (and with it and financial costs) are not required.
- Flexibility. The device without problems is complemented by air conditioners and filtration solutions.
- Silent.
The natural ventilation system of the private house is not able to provide a forced influx of air, which significantly increases the risk of fungi, mold, the occurrence of unpleasant odors. Such "neighbors" not only destroy the construction, but also harm people's health. It is not surprising that in the 21st century they practically do not apply. Cottage ventilation with a compulsory way is much more efficient.
Forced ventilation system
Photo of forced ventilation
The mechanical system by which air masses are driven by an artificial method - due to the injection devices (compressors, pumps, fans). Such ventilation in the cottage is much more preferable. Forced air exchange organization has the following advantages:
- Oxygen can be pre-moisturized, warm up, due to which a comfortable environment is formed.
- Ventilation of the autonomous country house and does not depend on the environment.
As for the shortcomings, they are obvious:
- for the organization of such a system requires additional equipment, implementation at the design stage, electricity costs;
- regular maintenance during operation.
Mechanical ventilation in a private house can be implemented in several methods. Experts allocate its following types:
- exhaust - "old" air is output from the room with appropriate mechanical solutions;
- intella - a private house is saturated with air from the street in a compulsory;
- supply-exhaust - the supply and removal of the air masses is carried out by mechanically.
If we are talking about a largely large brick house or cottage in area, it is advisable to stay at a mixed type variant. The main advantage is its magnificent combination of forced and natural systems.
Competent organization of ventilation in country housing
So, how to make ventilation in the house correctly and is it possible to fulfill all the events personally? The competent organization of the process of the air exchange will improve the microclimate in the residential space, as well as maintain in the integrity of all designs. Regardless of the room, the ventilation device in a private house is implemented in several stages:
- determine the amount of necessary clean air to ensure compliance with adopted sanitary standards;
- calculate the diameter and the size of the cross section for the air duct system - this value will determine the atmosphere in the residential space;
- select the optimal ventilation scheme in a private house (carefully weighing all the advantages and disadvantages of each of them);
- prepare a plan for aircraft (competent approach will ensure efficient operation);
- determine where the installation of ventilation in a private house will be carried out;
- the next step - by mounting the zone under the influx and the leading of the air masses;
- build a system itself for an apartment building.
Determine with the optimal system
Photo of a typical project
Professionals focus on the fact that the design of ventilation in a private house is customary to begin at the stage of preparation of documentation of future housing. The qualitative criterion of any modern project is the availability of all communications necessary for the comfortable life of people. And in this context, the presence of fresh air is an important component of the harmonization of the surrounding space.
note! It is important not only to ventilation in the house, but also the speed of the oxygen itself.
Many owners of cottages do not fulfill any preliminary calculations, but equip housing with powerful mechanical systems. In such a case, the fans can forcibly cool the internal space. Experts focus on the fact that the hood in a private house should be natural if there is no need for additional air exchange. Due to its naturalness, it guarantees a natural humidity regime for everyone who is located within the residential space.
Proper ventilation in a private house with your own hands is created on the basis of a given normal air velocity rate. If we are talking about a mechanical solution, the corresponding value may vary from 3 to 5 m 3 / hour. The natural system provides a run to 1 m 3 / hour. The difficulty lies in the fact that if the housing has basements, then without a compulsory system it is not necessary.
note ! To skip 300 m 3 / hour of fresh air, a channel with dimensions 250x400 mm will be required, which corresponds to the standard D 350 mm. However, if you equip the mechanical system, you can stop on the channel 160x200 mm or D 200 mm.
The video below provides information on how the ventilation system is arranged in a country house:
Ventilation in a private house: calculated data
Ventilation of the private house is based on thorough calculations. Determining factors with this approach are:
- object area;
- the number of permanent people;
- air volume in each room.
Council! Professionals strongly recommend considering all household appliances and technical means operating in residential areas, as they actively absorb clean air.
Installation of ventilation in the cottage is possible solely on the condition of accounting for all listed factors. For competent calculation, you should use special tabular data and diagrams. The easiest way to make up the equipment in a private house with your own hands is to carry out calculations by taking into account the area of \u200b\u200ba specific object.
This method is most often used for residential type objects. In accordance with the norms for such premises, each "square" should account for at least 3 m 3 / hour of clean air and this is excluding people. To calculate this value, it is necessary to produce the air norm on the object area.
Example ! How to make an exhaust in a private house with an area of \u200b\u200b90 "squares"? The intensity value of the air exchange is set according to the following formula: 90x3 \u003d 270 m 3 / hour. For residential space it will be enough.
Ventilation channel and its cross section
Calculate the optimal level of oxygen exchange, select the best ventilation scheme in a private house for sale with your own hands, check the ventilation channels. Regardless of where a device for such a system is planned, in the subfield or in the ceiling zone, there are only 2 types of ducts with a rigid design - round and rectangular.
For rectangular solutions, this value corresponds to 3: 1. Installation of mechanical exhaust in a private house provide an average speed of air exchange at the level of 5 m / s, if we talk about branches - no more than 3 m / s. In the natural system, the specified value does not exceed 1 m / s.
To organize effective ventilation in a private house with your own hands, it is necessary to determine the optimal channel cross section. To do this, use a special diagram in which the consumption of air masses and the speed of their passage is taken into account. Before making ventilation in the house, carry out installation measures, note that the regulatory value of the air exchange is 360 m 3 / hour for systems of forced type. Consequently, the optimal value for air ducts will be D200 mm or 160 x 200 mm.
Plastic rectangular ducts in the video below
Thinking on how to make ventilation at home, many of our compatriots forget that metal-plastic windows are installed in their housing, whose design is absolutely hermetic. In this case, it should be taken care that the supply valves are present in the frame of metal-plastic solutions through which the influx of air masses into the internal space is carried out.
note! If there is no one in the windows of the specified hole, it can be done in the wall. We are talking about a standard nozzle having a round shape that is placed in the well-done hole. On both sides, it is covered with protective metal lattices with a small cross section.
Ventilation of the basement of the private house is carried out in the same way. It is enough to adhere to simple recommendations and create a favorable microclimate in the framework of residential space will not be much difficult. In such a room, each person will feel the most comfortable.
