Forced ventilation in a private house with their own hands

The issue of building a private house affects a large number of inhabitants of our planet. And each time, due to different circumstances, there are many different troubles associated with its arrangement. Everyone is trying to make it not only beautiful inside and out, but also comfortable for living. In this case, you should seriously think about the proper planning of the internal systems of your private home. It is important to foresee all issues in the early stages, since after the final finishing in the house, it will be extremely difficult and costly to make changes, and sometimes even impossible. In our article we will talk about such an important system as the device of the ventilation scheme. After all, a properly made system for supplying fresh air to the room will allow you to breathe freely and protect the room from dampness, mold and mildew, which will undoubtedly affect your condition.

The main types of ventilation for a private house

There are several types of air exchange systems:

• Natural type. Its principle is to exchange air masses from indoors to outdoors, thanks to the laws of physics. The air flow is directed through special channels, due to wind pressure and pressure changes depending on the height.
• Forced ventilation system. Based on the principle of operation of auxiliary equipment for air exchange. It also has a name - supply and exhaust.
• Mixed ventilation system. As a rule, this is a combination of forced and natural systems.

All options have both their advantages and disadvantages. For example, would it make sense to install forced ventilation if you live in an ecologically clean area with excellent air. A modern filtration system will not allow you to enjoy the fragrant air of your area. The filter will do its job, and the air will really be cleaned, but do you need it if it is already clean. Another thing is if your private house is located in a region with a polluted environment. No one wants to breathe industrial waste gases or other air pollutants. So filtering is essential. How to properly plan everything and determine what is best for you?

Basic conditions for choosing the type of ventilation in a private house

In order not to waste money, the issue of ventilation should be considered at the planning stage of the structure. You need to rely on the following data:

• Location of the object, environmental conditions;
• Materials used in the construction of your private house.

Based on these data, you should make a choice.

Natural ventilation will be the best solution under the following conditions:

• The ambient air is not polluted;
• House materials are as follows:
• Tree;
• Brick;
• Adobe;
• All types of foam concrete;
• Ceramic and expanded clay blocks;
• Expanded clay concrete.

Mixed type ventilation will be recommended when the natural system cannot provide proper air exchange. In this case, additional forced air outflow systems can be installed. Such premises can be a kitchen or a work room. In these cases, the rejection of the forced exhaust system will affect the atmosphere of the whole house. Unpleasant odors and grease can spread to all rooms.

Forced system

The air handling unit, as well as the filtration system, must be installed in the following cases:

• The incoming air from the environment needs to be pre-cleaned from harmful dust particles and odors;
• The following materials and technologies were used:
• 3D panels;
• Concrete with the use of expanded polystyrene;
• SIP, MDM, SOTA, sandwich and vacuum panels;
• Frame type houses.

In these cases, forced ventilation will be the most effective solution.

Benefits of natural air circulation

Now, many people prefer to use only supply and exhaust ventilation, they miss the opportunity to use natural ventilation. It also has its advantages:

• Equipment costs are less;
• When installing the right ventilation scheme in a private house, you will be able to adjust the air exchange in the rooms, and even heat those where there are no heaters. These can be landings, passage corridors, spans, etc.
• The freshest air will fill the necessary living quarters;
• Optimum indoor humidity levels are maintained.

Do-it-yourself ventilation installation in a private house

In order to try to independently organize ventilation systems in your home, you need to correctly calculate and weigh your strengths in this rather complicated matter. When installing such systems, some knowledge is required.

To start calculating your system, you need to take into account the total number of people in the entire house and the volumes of the rooms themselves.

Advice! It is necessary to take into account those things that additionally consume oxygen in the room.

In addition, it is worth considering the fact that some rooms will require more frequent air exchange than others.

Regardless of what kind of room you have, in order to install ventilation with your own hands, you need to act according to the following plan:

• Perform volume calculations for air exchange;
• Determination of sections of channels of ventilation shafts;
• Decide on the type of ventilation system used;
• Drawing up a layout of ventilation ducts;
• Determining the location of the main components and devices;
• Determination of a place for the intake and exhaust of air from a private house.

All necessary calculations must be made in accordance with the current GOST and SNIP in the sections on ventilation of a private house.

All these calculations can be done independently. Thus, it is necessary to calculate the following values, and then, comparing them, choose the larger one:

1. Calculation of air exchange, taking into account the numerical number of people living:
   L = N * Lnorm, where
   L is the required forced ventilation capacity, m³/h;
   N is the number of residents;
   Lnorm is the rate of air consumption per person:
   • at rest (sleep) - 30 m³ / h;
   • typical value (according to SNiP) - 60 m³ / h;
2. Calculation of air exchange by multiplicity:
   L = n * S * H, where
   L is the required ventilation capacity, m³/h;
   n is the normalized air exchange rate:
   for residential premises - from 1 to 2, for offices - from 2 to 3;
   S is the area of ​​the room, m²;
   H is the height of the room, m;

According to the results obtained, it will be possible to determine the necessary materials and cross-section of air channels, as well as select air distributors.

Requirements for ventilation systems in private houses

There are general rules, following which you can achieve the desired result:

• The exhaust air from the ventilation must be carried out on the roof. The height of the outlet ventilation grille should be regulated by SNiP;
• Using mechanical devices of ventilation systems, air intake must be carried out through special grilles;
• The direction of air flow should be from the cleanest rooms, through more dusty ones, to the exit.

Natural air exchange system through ventilation

Such ventilation of the room can also guarantee you an additional opportunity to get fresh air, but there are some features of this method.

Window in ventilation position

All modern window systems can be equipped with special fittings to set the window in the ventilation position. But this method has the following disadvantages:

• In this position, the window leaves a large amount of heat from the room;
• In winter, condensation may appear on the slopes of the window block due to its rapid cooling;
• There is a rapid replacement of air from the room and vice versa.

Ventilation with a fully open window

In cases with a window in its full open position, this method will have the following features:

• Rapid exchange of air throughout the room in a few minutes;
• In winter, it is impossible to use, due to large heat losses.
• There is no effect of cooling of the whole structure.

Ventilation with a fully open window and an open door

Such air exchange can be characterized by the following features:

• If you need to ventilate the room very quickly in a matter of minutes;
• A “draft” may form, which is harmful and dangerous for the body;
• Complete loss of heat in the room.

Forced ventilation in a private house with their own hands

In the absence of natural ventilation in a private house, or if it does not cope with the task in some rooms, it is necessary to additionally install forced ventilation.

Installing additional equipment in toilets and bathrooms will help eliminate the appearance of mold and fungus on the walls and ceiling as a result of the accumulation of condensate. In this case, a wall fan is usually installed. This will solve the problem at hand. Unfortunately, this will require additional costs, and not everyone will like the work of the cooler itself. As the fan blades rotate, they create noise, so some manufacturers have begun to recommend bearingless fans running on a hub. Their service life is much less, but it will be more comfortable to be indoors. The operation of the fan can be included in the electrical circuit, which will allow it to be controlled either when the switch key is turned on separately, or in tandem with lighting.

Issues of installation in the kitchen of ventilation are solved by installing both methods. A forced air exchange system is located only at the installation site of the hobs, to remove odors, combustion products from saturating the air with them.

High-quality ventilation must necessarily have an influx of fresh air in the right amount. But in order to clean up when the environment is polluted, it is necessary to install special filters. This will give you maximum results. Do not forget that filters tend to become clogged with dust and debris. They should be replaced on time with new ones, or cleaned. Otherwise, bacteria can begin to multiply inside it, and together with the air they can enter the room. Thus, the room will be even more polluted.

Conclusion

Summing up, it is worth saying that if you want to install the ventilation system with your own hands in a private house, then you will need to plan everything correctly and be guided by the following rules:

• Installation of ventilation shafts in all living rooms using special channels for natural air exchange;
• The presence of supply and exhaust ventilation in rooms such as the kitchen and bathroom with toilet;
• Installation of additional ventilation ducts when organizing fireplaces or stove heating in the house;
• Combination of natural and forced ventilation systems in the kitchen, with the installation of an extractor fan above the hob.